Persistent throat pain can have many causes.. and while smoking is a known risk factor for throat cancer, it doesn't necessarily mean you have cancer if you experience throat pain. There are many other possible reasons for throat discomfort, like infections, allergies, acid reflux, or even smoking-related issues like irritation and inflammation. If you're very concerned you can visit for a checkup at your nearest cancer hospital.

Yes, Pancreas can definitely be transplanted in a patient. Certain protocol has to be followed for transplant. The survival rate of patient undergoing a pancreas transplant can is ten years or more, on an average. Consult pancreas transplant doctors, who on evaluation of the patient will guide you through the best treatment available. Hope our answer helps you.

Free cancer treatment is given in Andhra Pradesh only to those who have a domicile of origin in the state. In 2020, Andhra Chief Minister YS Jagan Mohan Reddy announced the Aarogyasri scheme that aims at providing medical treatment to those whose annual income is below INR 5,00,000. The healthcare scheme will cover around 2059 medical ailments, including cancer. Beyond this, there are many hospitals in India that offer free cancer treatment to those in need. These hospitals are some of the best in the country and have a commendable record at successfully treating cancer patients every year. 

Please take him to a physician - General Physicians.

Let the clinicspots team know if you have any location-specific requirements.

Metastatic squamous ce­ll carcinoma - that's the type of cancer you have­. It means cancer has spread. Doctors sugge­st Pembrolizumab treatment. This the­rapy costs thousands per session. You may nee­d several sessions. The­ outlook varies from person to person. For some­, Pembrolizumab shrinks or stops cancer growth. Others don't re­spond well. Discuss potential bene­fits and risks with your oncologist. 

• Physiological – climate change, frequent nervous overstrain, inappropriate nutrition, menopause
• Pathological – gynecological diseases, chronic pathologies of internal organs and systems that have a negative impact on the work of the pelvic organs
• Medication – taking hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants that can affect the menstrual cycle.

Violation of menstruation in women after 40 years is most often associated with age- related changes in the reproductive system. At this age, the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve occurs, and the frequency of anovulatory cycles increases.  Such changes in the female body are initially caused by irregular periods, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, then menopause.

In young girls, menstruation disorders is often associated with uneven maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems. Less commonly, congenital or acquired syndromes, chromosomal disorders, or reproductive system abnormalities can be the cause. Regardless of the cause, the treatment of the failure of menstruation should be carried out under the guidance of a gynecologist.

Symptoms of menstruation disorders

Depending on the etiological factor, menstrual irregularities can manifest themselves in different ways, therefore, a classification of clinical manifestations has been derived in gynecology, including:

• Algodismenorrhea – accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen, nausea, headaches, menstruation failure
• Dysmenorrhea – an unstable cycle, manifests itself sharply without accompanying symptoms
• Hypermenorrhea – profuse flow of menstruation with a normal duration
• Menorrhagia – the cycle lasts up to 12 days with profuse bleeding
• Hypomenorrhea – scanty spotting
• Polymenorrhea – the interval between menstruation is not more than 21 days
• Oligomenorrhea – short periods with a duration of 1 – 2 days
• Opsomenorrhea – rare discharge at intervals of 1 time in 3 months.

In addition to the main clinical signs, there may be other symptoms that worsen a woman’s well-being and quality of life:

• Increased fatigue
• Irritability
• Decrease or increase in body weight
• Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen of varying intensity
• Nausea
   
• Frequent headaches, migraines.

All of the above symptoms should not be ignored by the doctor, who, after the results of the examination, will be able to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis, choose the necessary therapy, and give recommendations.

How and what to treat

When a woman has a menstrual disorder, the doctor will necessarily prescribe a number of instrumental and laboratory tests:

• Ultrasound
• Histological analysis
• Colposcopy
• Flora smear
• Dad test
• Analysis of blood, urine
• Infectious screening.

The research results will help the doctor get a complete picture, determine the cause, and, if necessary, select drug therapy.

Treatment for menstrual irregularities directly depends on the cause, concomitant symptoms and characteristics of the patient’s body. If physiological reasons are the cause, it is enough to normalize the regime of the day and rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid physical and psychological stress.

When the cycle is disrupted due to infections, inflammatory processes of the ovaries, antibacterial drugs, uroseptics, hormonal drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy are prescribed.  Herbal medicine is prescribed as an aid. The choice of any drug always remains with the attending physician, who will select the required dose and duration of administration.

To regulate menstruation, doctors often advise to follow a diet, to exclude contact with any provoking factors. If the failure of menstruation occurs due to damage to the cervix, the woman may be prescribed surgical treatment.

Treatment and Prevention Tips

In order to avoid menstrual irregularities, doctors in the field of gynecology recommend women and girls to monitor their health, not to self-medicate. Every woman must follow certain rules, as well as have the necessary information:

• Girls’ periods should begin at the age of 10-14 years
• Keep a menstrual calendar
• Visit a gynecologist at least once every 6 months
• Timely treat all gynecological diseases
• Not to self-medicate, uncontrolled intake of medications
• Balance the menu
• Lead an active and healthy lifestyle.

Bone marrow test showing 11% blasts generally suggests an increased presence of immature or abnormal blood cells. This finding may indicate potential issues with blood cell production and can be associated with conditions like leukemia. Consult a hematologist or oncologist from best cancer hospital in India. 

The findings from this PET-CT scan suggest the presence of multiple hypermetabolic (actively metabolizing) lesions in various parts of the body. This pattern of findings raises concerns about the possibility of metastatic cancer, meaning that cancer may have spread from its original site to other areas of the body. The exact stage and extent of cancer would require further evaluation by an oncologist from the best cancer hospital in India, including additional tests and imaging.

Metastatic breast cancer with cervical cancer is quite complex disease .I would like to see your reports before giving an opinion.

It’s good that you consulted a general physician and got tests done. Since you’ve now noticed a lump in your neck, hoarseness, and other symptoms like body pain and abdominal swelling, I recommend visiting an endocrinologist or oncologist. They are specialists in thyroid and other conditions that might need further examination. It’s important not to jump to conclusions but to get proper advice from a specialist for peace of mind and accurate diagnosis.