Your mother probably has a malignant tumor. She needs to see an oncologist as soon as possible. Cancer can be diagnosed by only an oncologist. Please make an appointment with any oncologist for the earliest possible availability.

• Physiological – climate change, frequent nervous overstrain, inappropriate nutrition, menopause
• Pathological – gynecological diseases, chronic pathologies of internal organs and systems that have a negative impact on the work of the pelvic organs
• Medication – taking hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants that can affect the menstrual cycle.

Violation of menstruation in women after 40 years is most often associated with age- related changes in the reproductive system. At this age, the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve occurs, and the frequency of anovulatory cycles increases.  Such changes in the female body are initially caused by irregular periods, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, then menopause.

In young girls, menstruation disorders is often associated with uneven maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems. Less commonly, congenital or acquired syndromes, chromosomal disorders, or reproductive system abnormalities can be the cause. Regardless of the cause, the treatment of the failure of menstruation should be carried out under the guidance of a gynecologist.

Symptoms of menstruation disorders

Depending on the etiological factor, menstrual irregularities can manifest themselves in different ways, therefore, a classification of clinical manifestations has been derived in gynecology, including:

• Algodismenorrhea – accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen, nausea, headaches, menstruation failure
• Dysmenorrhea – an unstable cycle, manifests itself sharply without accompanying symptoms
• Hypermenorrhea – profuse flow of menstruation with a normal duration
• Menorrhagia – the cycle lasts up to 12 days with profuse bleeding
• Hypomenorrhea – scanty spotting
• Polymenorrhea – the interval between menstruation is not more than 21 days
• Oligomenorrhea – short periods with a duration of 1 – 2 days
• Opsomenorrhea – rare discharge at intervals of 1 time in 3 months.

In addition to the main clinical signs, there may be other symptoms that worsen a woman’s well-being and quality of life:

• Increased fatigue
• Irritability
• Decrease or increase in body weight
• Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen of varying intensity
• Nausea
   
• Frequent headaches, migraines.

All of the above symptoms should not be ignored by the doctor, who, after the results of the examination, will be able to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis, choose the necessary therapy, and give recommendations.

How and what to treat

When a woman has a menstrual disorder, the doctor will necessarily prescribe a number of instrumental and laboratory tests:

• Ultrasound
• Histological analysis
• Colposcopy
• Flora smear
• Dad test
• Analysis of blood, urine
• Infectious screening.

The research results will help the doctor get a complete picture, determine the cause, and, if necessary, select drug therapy.

Treatment for menstrual irregularities directly depends on the cause, concomitant symptoms and characteristics of the patient’s body. If physiological reasons are the cause, it is enough to normalize the regime of the day and rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid physical and psychological stress.

When the cycle is disrupted due to infections, inflammatory processes of the ovaries, antibacterial drugs, uroseptics, hormonal drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy are prescribed.  Herbal medicine is prescribed as an aid. The choice of any drug always remains with the attending physician, who will select the required dose and duration of administration.

To regulate menstruation, doctors often advise to follow a diet, to exclude contact with any provoking factors. If the failure of menstruation occurs due to damage to the cervix, the woman may be prescribed surgical treatment.

Treatment and Prevention Tips

In order to avoid menstrual irregularities, doctors in the field of gynecology recommend women and girls to monitor their health, not to self-medicate. Every woman must follow certain rules, as well as have the necessary information:

• Girls’ periods should begin at the age of 10-14 years
• Keep a menstrual calendar
• Visit a gynecologist at least once every 6 months
• Timely treat all gynecological diseases
• Not to self-medicate, uncontrolled intake of medications
• Balance the menu
• Lead an active and healthy lifestyle.

Stage 4 cancer is an advanced and challenging situation, while liver damage and gallbladder issues can contribute to jaundice and yellowing of the skin and eyes. Pls seek immediate medical attention and guidance for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

Enzyme therapy for cancer uses enzymes to break down cancer cells. The advantage of this therapy is that it may be less toxic than traditional cancer treatments and could potentially target cancer cells more specifically. 

I am very sorry to know your diagnosis of cancer. I would like to know your age and also how the cancer was diagnosed, was a biopsy sent, and what is the report of that biopsy? You definitely need to see a gynecologic oncologist with your biopsy reports.

There are many treatment options for liver cancer like oral targeted therapy, Immunotherapy and these options are now available in India.

The number of chemotherapy sessions required for rectosigmoid cancer, also known as sigmoid colon cancer, can vary depending on the stage of the cancer, the patient's health, and the treatment plan recommended by their oncologist. Chemotherapy might be used as a part of the treatment for advanced stages of rectosigmoid cancer.

Curing colon cancer at stage 4 is difficult but it is not impossible. The primary treatment for stage 4 colon cancer is chemotherapy, which aims to shrink the cancer or in some cases radiation therapy is used. Consult an oncologist who can recommend a proper treatment plan for you.

It is a type of lung cancer grouped under non small cell lung cancer. The treatment depends in stage. It could be surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. 

 

Cancer in the­ colon comes with challenges. It can cause­ blood clots in veins near the intestine­s. This leads to pain, swelling, and trouble going to the­ bathroom. Surgery removes cance­r and treats clots. Some doctors say no cure e­xists. But options often help manage symptoms and improve­ your life. Talk thoroughly with your oncologist. 

Depending on the stage of cervical cancer.. chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the treatment choice. Need details of treatment to decide the further management of the condition at Global gleneagles.

Yes, Pancreas can definitely be transplanted in a patient. Certain protocol has to be followed for transplant. The survival rate of patient undergoing a pancreas transplant can is ten years or more, on an average. Consult pancreas transplant doctors, who on evaluation of the patient will guide you through the best treatment available. Hope our answer helps you.

Mastectomy is removal of breast. But further details are needed which are not mentioned by you, to answer your concern. Still consult general surgeons who will examine and evaluate you and then guide you regarding the procedure. Hope our answer helps you.