The number of chemotherapy sessions required for rectosigmoid cancer, also known as sigmoid colon cancer, can vary depending on the stage of the cancer, the patient's health, and the treatment plan recommended by their oncologist. Chemotherapy might be used as a part of the treatment for advanced stages of rectosigmoid cancer.

You should consult with your mother’s oncologist about additional clarification and instructions for her uterine cancer in stage 3. It is recommended that a gynecologic oncologist should be visited for more management of uterine cancer.

Your uncle's situation with re­current squamous cell carcinoma on the opposite­ side of his tongue is difficult. Treating this type­ of cancer again can involve surgery, radiation the­rapy, or combining both approaches. The reason for re­currence often ste­ms from remaining cancerous cells le­ft behind after initial surgery. Your uncle­ must consult his oncologist about subsequent treatme­nt options available.

Duration of Chemotherapy is decided after the biopsy report. Usually Chemotherapy for stage 2-3 colon cancer is generally 3-6 months.

During the chemotherapy sessions and even after it some pre and post Chemotherapy drugs are prescribed to prevent or reduce these side effects. In case of extensive discomfort you should always consult your medical oncologist and seek his/her opinion

Radiation therapy in throat cancer is  a very common treatment modality. It is associated with some side effects which reduce after a certain time period. Nausea, difficulty in swallowing, stomatitis and dryness of mouth are common side effects after Radiation therapy. These side effects can be managed through some saliva substitutes for keeping the mouth moist. You can use some lubricating anaesthesia solutions suggested by oncologist to help in reducing pain because of ulceration. Nutrition is the key to general well being of the body, so if difficulty in swallowing you can opt for temporary feeding tube to fulfill the nutritional needs of the body.  

Depending on the stage of cervical cancer.. chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the treatment choice. Need details of treatment to decide the further management of the condition at Global gleneagles.

• Physiological – climate change, frequent nervous overstrain, inappropriate nutrition, menopause
• Pathological – gynecological diseases, chronic pathologies of internal organs and systems that have a negative impact on the work of the pelvic organs
• Medication – taking hormonal contraceptives, glucocorticoids, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants that can affect the menstrual cycle.

Violation of menstruation in women after 40 years is most often associated with age- related changes in the reproductive system. At this age, the depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve occurs, and the frequency of anovulatory cycles increases.  Such changes in the female body are initially caused by irregular periods, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, then menopause.

In young girls, menstruation disorders is often associated with uneven maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary and ovarian systems. Less commonly, congenital or acquired syndromes, chromosomal disorders, or reproductive system abnormalities can be the cause. Regardless of the cause, the treatment of the failure of menstruation should be carried out under the guidance of a gynecologist.

Symptoms of menstruation disorders

Depending on the etiological factor, menstrual irregularities can manifest themselves in different ways, therefore, a classification of clinical manifestations has been derived in gynecology, including:

• Algodismenorrhea – accompanied by pulling pains in the lower abdomen, nausea, headaches, menstruation failure
• Dysmenorrhea – an unstable cycle, manifests itself sharply without accompanying symptoms
• Hypermenorrhea – profuse flow of menstruation with a normal duration
• Menorrhagia – the cycle lasts up to 12 days with profuse bleeding
• Hypomenorrhea – scanty spotting
• Polymenorrhea – the interval between menstruation is not more than 21 days
• Oligomenorrhea – short periods with a duration of 1 – 2 days
• Opsomenorrhea – rare discharge at intervals of 1 time in 3 months.

In addition to the main clinical signs, there may be other symptoms that worsen a woman’s well-being and quality of life:

• Increased fatigue
• Irritability
• Decrease or increase in body weight
• Pain in the lower back or lower abdomen of varying intensity
• Nausea
   
• Frequent headaches, migraines.

All of the above symptoms should not be ignored by the doctor, who, after the results of the examination, will be able to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis, choose the necessary therapy, and give recommendations.

How and what to treat

When a woman has a menstrual disorder, the doctor will necessarily prescribe a number of instrumental and laboratory tests:

• Ultrasound
• Histological analysis
• Colposcopy
• Flora smear
• Dad test
• Analysis of blood, urine
• Infectious screening.

The research results will help the doctor get a complete picture, determine the cause, and, if necessary, select drug therapy.

Treatment for menstrual irregularities directly depends on the cause, concomitant symptoms and characteristics of the patient’s body. If physiological reasons are the cause, it is enough to normalize the regime of the day and rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid physical and psychological stress.

When the cycle is disrupted due to infections, inflammatory processes of the ovaries, antibacterial drugs, uroseptics, hormonal drugs, physiotherapy, vitamin therapy are prescribed.  Herbal medicine is prescribed as an aid. The choice of any drug always remains with the attending physician, who will select the required dose and duration of administration.

To regulate menstruation, doctors often advise to follow a diet, to exclude contact with any provoking factors. If the failure of menstruation occurs due to damage to the cervix, the woman may be prescribed surgical treatment.

Treatment and Prevention Tips

In order to avoid menstrual irregularities, doctors in the field of gynecology recommend women and girls to monitor their health, not to self-medicate. Every woman must follow certain rules, as well as have the necessary information:

• Girls’ periods should begin at the age of 10-14 years
• Keep a menstrual calendar
• Visit a gynecologist at least once every 6 months
• Timely treat all gynecological diseases
• Not to self-medicate, uncontrolled intake of medications
• Balance the menu
• Lead an active and healthy lifestyle.

Immunotherapy is a newer treatment to treat cancer along with other therapies. But it all depends on treating clinician's discretion, as treatment depends from case to case. Consult Cancer Treatment doctors in Mumbai, or any other city of your preference, get evaluated and then plan treatment under strict medical supervision. Hope our answer helps you.

Factors that may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer are: smoking, diabetes, chronic, inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), family history of pancreatic cancer, obesity, family history of genetic syndromes that can increase cancer risk and others. Pancreatic cancer is called a silent killer because it often grows or spreads undetected. Many tumors of Stage 1 pancreatic cancer are resect able, or capable of being removed through the surgery. If surgery is not possible, other standard treatment choices include chemotherapy, radiation or both. Consult Cancer Treatment doctors in Mumbai, or any other city you prefer. On in-depth evaluation of the cause they will guide you through the treatment.